Detailed dissection of infrared touch PCBA
- PCB, the full name is Printed Circuit Board Assembly, that is, printed circuit board assembly. This concept encompasses the transition from a basic printed circuit board (PCB) to a component that is ultimately fully circuitically functional. As a carrier, the PCB is a thin board composed of insulating materials and conductive wires stacked on top of each other, and according to the pre-designed circuit blueprint, fine conductive circuits are formed on the board through etching and other processes to build a "vein" for the connection of subsequent components.
- Once the PCB has been routed, the critical assembly stage begins. The first is the SMD process, with the help of high-precision SMD machines, the tiny dust-like surface mount components (SMDs), such as SMD resistors, SMD capacitors and various chips, are accurately placed to the specified pad position, which requires extremely high accuracy, and a slight deviation may cause circuit failure. This is followed by the plug-in process, in which some in-line components that are large and not suitable for the placement process, such as electrolytic capacitors and power transistors, are inserted into the corresponding jacks manually or through automated equipment. After the completion of component placement, and then through reflow soldering, wave soldering and other soldering techniques, the component pins and PCB pads are firmly integrated, so far, a complete PCBA was born, which integrates a large number of electronic components with different functions, can achieve specific circuit functions, and is the core "internal organs" of many electronic products.
An in-depth look at the motherboard
- Motherboards, often referred to as motherboards, are the "central nervous system" of a computer system. It is a large, well-laid out circuit board with extremely complex functions. From the perspective of physical structure, the motherboard is covered with criss-cross circuit wiring, which is responsible for transmitting electrical and data signals to ensure that information communication between various components is unimpeded. Its core area integrates high-performance chipsets, and the Northbridge chip once controlled the data exchange "power" between high-speed components such as CPU, memory, and graphics card under the traditional architecture. The Southbridge chip focuses on managing low-speed devices, such as hard disk interfaces, USB interfaces, sound cards, network cards, etc., and coordinates their interaction with the system.
- The motherboard is also equipped with a variety of interfaces and sockets, the CPU socket is like a throne, carrying the computing core of the entire computer, and the CPU of different architectures corresponds to different specifications of sockets, from the ancient Socket architecture to the current LGA series, to ensure accurate adaptation; The memory slot provides a "berth" for the temporary storage of system running data, and the DDR series has been upgraded to continuously expand the memory bandwidth to meet the growing computing demand. The PCIe slot acts as a high-speed runway for high-performance devices such as graphics cards and NVMe SSDs to unleash extreme performance. In addition, there are various external interfaces, such as USB ports for connecting keyboard and mouse, mobile storage, HDMI ports to deliver high-definition video signals to monitors, etc., with these ports and slots, the motherboard uses these ports and slots to tightly bundle all the hardware of the computer into an organic and synergistic whole.
The intrinsic correlation and difference between the two
- Motherboards undoubtedly fall under the umbrella of PCBAs. From the perspective of the birth process, the motherboard starts with the elaborate design of the PCB, and the engineers plan a complex and rigorous circuit layout according to the computer hardware architecture and performance expectations, and then go through the same component placement, plug-in, and soldering processes as ordinary PCBA, and inlay the inductors, capacitors, crystal oscillators to ensure signal stability, and various control chips required for the processor power supply module one by one, and finally form the motherboard with complete computer hardware management and control capabilities.
- However, the boundaries of PCBA go far beyond the "city" of the motherboard. In the vast world of electronics, PCBAs are everywhere. Inside the mobile phone, the small, thin and highly integrated PCB assembly accommodates baseband chips, RF chips, camera chips and tiny sensors in every square inch, driving the mobile phone to achieve multiple functions such as communication, taking pictures, and perceiving the environment. The PCBA of the tablet computer combines the characteristic components such as display driver and touch control while taking into account the thinness and portability, and adapts to the operation mode of the tablet. In the field of industrial control, PCBA strengthens the characteristics of high temperature resistance and anti-interference according to the needs of different equipment, integrates specific industrial communication interfaces and control circuits, and helps the accurate operation of automated production lines. In contrast, the application scenarios of motherboards mainly focus on the computer field, providing a unified hardware integration platform for desktop computers and laptops, and its functions focus on coordinating general-purpose computer hardware, pursuing high performance and high compatibility to adapt to various software operation requirements.
To sum up, PCBA and motherboard are like the relationship between large sets and subsets, PCBA, as a collection of electronic components, includes the motherboard, a key member with specific computer adaptation functions, and covers a variety of circuit board components that serve different electronic terminals, each of which shines in their respective fields and promotes the vigorous development of the electronics industry.
